• White House Proclamation
    • Goals
      • Condemn and combat child abuse – physical, emotional, sexual, and online sexual exploitation
      • Heighten awareness of risk factors
      • Highlight importance of supporting families
    • Child abuse occurs at all socioeconomic and educational levels, and in all religious, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds
    • Key tool for fighting child abuse is prevention
  • Child Abuse Statists – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • At least 1 in 7 children have experienced abuse or neglect in the past year
      • In 2019, there were 73 million children in U.S.
    • In 2019, 1,840 children died from abuse and/or neglect
    • Long-term economic burden of child abuse and neglect is enormous
      • 2015 estimate – $428 billion, comparable to economic costs of strokes and Type 2 diabetes
    • Risk factors
      • Risk Factors for Individual Perpetrators
        • Caregivers with drug or alcohol issues
        • Caregivers with mental health issues, including depression
        • Caregivers who don’t understand children’s needs or development
        • Caregivers who were abused or neglected as children
        • Caregivers who are young or single parents or parents with many children
        • Caregivers with low education or income
        • Caregivers experiencing high levels of parenting stress and economic stress
        • Caregivers who use spanking and other forms of corporal punishment for discipline
        • Caregivers in the home who are not a biological parent
        • Caregivers with attitudes accepting of or justifying violence or aggression
      • Risk Factors for Families
        • Families that have family members in jail or prison
        • Families that are isolated from and not connected to other people (extended family, friends, neighbors)
        • Family violence, including relationship violence
        • Families with high conflict and negative communication styles
      • Risk Factors in Communities
        • Communities with high rates of violence and crime
        • Communities with high rates of poverty and limited educational and economic opportunities
        • Communities with high unemployment rates
        • Communities with easy access to drugs and alcohol
        • Communities where neighbors don’t know or look out for each other and there is low community involvement among residents
        • Communities with few community activities for young people
        • Communities with unstable housing and where residents move frequently
        • Communities where families frequently experience food insecurity
  • Role of Technology
    • Number of children using a mobile device has more than doubled in last few years
    • Parents have legitimate concerns about online safety
    • “Sad fishing” – Predators search “for kids who seem sad, lonely, or depressed based on their public profiles on a variety of social media platforms.”
    • “Online sexual exploitation”
      • Grooming
      • Live streaming
      • consuming child sexual abuse material
      • Coercing and blackmailing children for sexual purposes (“sexploitation”)
  • Preventative Measures
    • Child Abuse in General
      • Individuals
        • Caregivers who create safe, positive relationships with children
        • Caregivers who practice nurturing parenting skills and provide emotional support
        • Caregivers who can meet basic needs of food, shelter, education, and health services
        • Caregivers who have a college degree or higher and have steady employment
      • Families
        • Families with strong social support networks and stable, positive relationships with the people around them
        • Families where caregivers are present and interested in the child
        • Families where caregivers enforce household rules and engage in child monitoring
        • Families with caring adults outside the family who can serve as role models or mentors
      • Communities
        • Communities with access to safe, stable housing
        • Communities where families have access to high-quality preschool
        • Communities where families have access to nurturing and safe childcare
        • Communities where families have access to safe, engaging after school programs and activities
        • Communities where families have access to medical care and mental health services
        • Communities where families have access to economic and financial help
        • Communities where adults have work opportunities with family-friendly policies
    • Online Sexual Abuse
      • Familiarize yourself with the apps and online services used by each child and supervise activity
      • Open lines of communication
      • Acknowledge importance of online interactions for children
      • Persistent discussion of online safety over a long period time, beginning early and adjusting to age and maturity of each child
      • Clear and reasonable rules regarding online activity, developed in conversation with each child
      • Deploy technology to assist in child safety, but don’t expect it to replace adult supervision
      • Assist each child in setting and adjusting privacy controls
  • Resources - #2022–04–04 Children’s Trust Fund of Alabama Awards Grant to Create Digital Safety Video to Better Educate Alabaman’s Youth
    https://www.einnews.com/pr_news/566781873/children-s-trust-fund-of-alabama-awards-grant-to-create-digital-safety-video-to-better-educate-alabama-s-youth
    - #2022–04–03 April is National Child Abuse Prevention Month: Maui events promote healthy keiki
    https://mauinow.com/2022/04/03/april-is-national-child-abuse-prevention-month-maui-events-promote-healthy-keiki/
    - #2022–04–02 Juneau recognizes Child Abuse Prevention Month
    https://www.peninsulaclarion.com/news/juneau-recognizes-child-abuse-prevention-month/
    - #2022–04–01 Nebraska To Recognize April As Child Abuse Prevention Month
    https://dhhs.ne.gov/Pages/Nebraska-to-Recognize-April-as-Child-Abuse-Prevention-Month–04012022.aspx
    - #2022–03–31 A Proclamation on National Child Abuse Prevention Month, 2022
    https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2022/03/31/a-proclamation-on-national-child-abuse-prevention-month–2022/
    - #2022–03–28 Flickr Press Release
    https://blog.flickr.net/en/2022/03/28/building-a-safer-flickr-for-generations-to-come/
    - #2022–03–16 Protecting children from online abuse
    https://learning.nspcc.org.uk/child-abuse-and-neglect/online-abuse
    - #2021–11–01 How to protect children from online sexual harm
    https://www.internetmatters.org/hub/news-blogs/how-to-protect-children-from-online-sexual-harm/
    - #2021–10–25 U.S. Department of Justice – Keeping Children Safe Online
    https://www.justice.gov/coronavirus/keeping-children-safe-online
    - #2021 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services – 2021/2022 Prevention Resource Guide
    https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubPDFs/guide_2021.pdf
    - #2019–12–07 How to Protect Your Children From Online Sexual Predators
    https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/07/us/protect-children-online-sex-abuse.html
    - [n.d.] End Violence Against Children Online
    https://www.end-violence.org/safe-online
    - [n.d.] Prevent Child Abuse North Carolina
    https://www.preventchildabusenc.org/
    - [n.d.] U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime – Online child sexual exploitation and abuse
    https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/cybercrime/module–12/key-issues/online-child-sexual-exploitation-and-abuse.html
    - [n.d.] U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention
    https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/childabuseandneglect/index.html
    - [n.d.] U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Preventing Child Sexual Abuse
    https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/childsexualabuse/fastfact.html

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